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Animal Farm is a beast fable in form of satirical allegorical novella by George Orwell first published in England on 17 August 1945. It tells the story of a group of farm animals who rebel against their human farmer hoping to create a society where the animals can be equal free and happy. Ultimately the rebellion is betrayed and the farm ends up in a state as bad as it was before under the dictatorship of a pig named Napoleon.
According to Orwell Animal Farm reflects events leading up to the Russian Revolution of 1917 and then on into the Stalinist era of the Soviet Union. Orwell a democratic socialist was a critic of Joseph Stalin and hostile to Moscow-directed Stalinism an attitude that was critically shaped by his experiences during the May Days conflicts between the POUM and Stalinist forces during the Spanish Civil War. In a letter to Yvonne Davet Orwell described Animal Farm as a satirical tale against Stalin ("un conte satirique contre Staline") and in his essay "Why I Write" (1946) wrote that Animal Farm was the first book in which he tried with full consciousness of what he was doing "to fuse political purpose and artistic purpose into one whole".