In today's modern life the importance given to human health is increasing day by day. Humanity is facing a rapidly increasing risk of chronic diseases. Health problems that persist for more than one year require medical or surgical treatment and negatively affect daily life are called chronic diseases. Chronic diseases can develop due to multiple factors and can be kept under control with the right treatment. In some chronic diseases the negative effects are felt immediately. Some chronic diseases can lead to a decrease in the quality of life reduce the ability to work and require limiting or changing some of the daily activities. Psychological symptoms such as loss of self-confidence depression anger and helplessness may be observed in people with chronic illnesses due to reduced quality of life restriction of daily activities or difficulty in accepting the disease. The world of medicine works together with many different disciplines to prevent or recover from diseases. Especially in the last 50 years people are turning more towards sports activities exercise and physical activities to protect themselves from the risk of chronic diseases brought about by modern living conditions. In recent years governmental organizations private companies and charitable organizations have also supported corporate social responsibility projects to promote sports and sports branches that can be done in different seasons. With these supports the prevalence of sports in the society is increasing. However people interest in sports activities whether they are at recreational amateur or professional level also carries some orthopedic injury risks. Orthopedists and sports scientists have been working in a mutually supportive structure for many years on the correct approach to sports injuries. In this book we aim to offer readers a different perspective with chapters that address sports sciences and orthopedic health of athletes together. In this respect I hope that this book will be useful for the stakeholders of the subject.