During our student years we had encyclopedias that we compiled by collecting them in fascicles - around 10-12 issues each - much like today's Google. Whenever we were curious about something we would look it up in the alphabetical index and read about it. While certain foundational books were always available we oft en took our own notes for most classes or relied on photocopies from friends with neat handwriting. Today we have reached a point where we are asked 'Would you like a PowerPoint presentation or an eBook?'. However I still believe that studying and learning with a focus on physical material is more eff ective. Th erefore I prepared this book by updating the notes from the courses I have taught over many years. Th is book organized into two parts with contribution from many esteemed professors is tailored to meet the curriculum standards of medical faculty boards as well as those of faculties in Health Sciences Nursing Dentistry and health-related vocational schools. In the Practical Explanation section you will fi nd hands-on exercises related to Medical Biology particularly protocols used in molecular genetics along with all the experimental applications conducted throughout the term. It brings us great joy to off er you a resource that integrates both theoretical and practical applications. I hope it will prove benefi cial.